Exactly a month and a week after insurrectionists incited a riot at the Capitol on Jan. 6, former President Donald Trump's second impeachment trial came to a climactic end on Saturday afternoon, with Trump being acquitted for his alleged role of inciting the deadly event. A majority of senators voted to convict the former president, but failed to reach the super majority threshold needed for a conviction.
Drama ensued on the Senate floor Saturday morning when senators voted to hear from witnesses. However, after a roughly one-hour recess, the Senate determined no witnesses would be called, and opted instead to admit into evidence written testimony from Rep. Jamie Herrera Beutler, R-Wash.
The American flag flies at half staff at the U.S. Capitol Building on the fifth day of the impeachment trial of former U.S. President Donald Trump, on charges of inciting the deadly attack on the U.S. Capitol, in Washington, , Feb. 13, 2021.
Then, both the prosecution and defense presented their closing arguments. When the vote to convict began, the Senate chamber fell silent as each senator's name was called. As required by Senate rules, each senator present had to pronounce Trump "guilty" or "not guilty" while they stood behind their individual desks. A group of 57 senators voted to convict Trump, and 43 GOP senators voted to acquit.
From the start, many Republican senators stood by the president -- with 44 voting Tuesday it was unconstitutional to convict a former president.
During the trial, House impeachment managers , argued that the Jan. 6 riot was Trump's final attempt to overturn the presidential election. They claimed he was no innocent bystander, but rather, an insider and the instigator. They claimed he had been laying the groundwork for months with false claims and no proof the election was stolen, riling up Americans who would turn to violence on Jan. 6.
"He built this mob over many months with repeated messaging until they believed that they had been robbed of their vote and they would do anything to stop the certification," Rep. Eric Swalwell, D-Calif., said. "He made them believe that their victory was stolen and incited them so he could use them to steal the election for himself."
The House managers made an intense presentation, often showing moments of both violence and heroism during the insurrection.
The video timeline the managers played showed how bad that day was, and how it could have been much worse. According to their argument, the rioters had been just 58 steps away from some senators. They showed previously unseen footage of Sen. Mitt Romney, R-Utah, being stopped from going the wrong way toward the mob by Capitol Police Officer Eugene Goodman. They reiterated how close Vice President Mike Pence and his family were to danger when they were locked down within the same building where rioters were chanting to hang the vice president.
Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnel huddles on the Senate floor with Sen. Kyrsten Sinema, Sen. John Barrasso , Sen. John Hoeven, Sen. Dan Sullivan, Sen. James Lankford , Sen. Joni Ernst and Sen. John Cornyn and others after the Senate voted for witnesses during the fifth day of the impeachment trial of former president Donald Trump on charges of inciting the deadly attack on the U.S. Capitol,in Washington, Feb. 13, 2021.
"The truth is, this attack never would have happened but for Donald Trump. And so they came, draped in Trump's flag, and used our flag, the American flag to batter and to bludgeon," Rep. Madeleine Dean, D-Pa., said. Another House manager, Rep. Joe Neguse, D-Colo., made a similar argument, saying Trump "directed them here, to Congress. He quite literally, at one part of that speech, pointed at us."
The managers' argument ended with the message that a vote to convict is simply holding Trump accountable for the events of Jan. 6, and that if convicted, the Senate would need to hold an additional vote to disqualify Trump from seeking reelection.
"My dear colleagues, is there any political leader in this room who believes that if he is ever allowed by the Senate to get back into the Oval Office, Donald Trump would stop inciting violence to get his way?" lead House Manager Rep. Jamie Raskin, D-Md., said in his closing arguments. "Would you bet the lives of more police officers on that? Would you bet the safety of your family on that? Would you bet the future of your democracy on that?"
President Donald Trump gestures as he speaks during a rally to contest the certification of the 2020 U.S. presidential election results by the Congress, in Washington, Jan 6, 2021.
Trump's lawyers were often combative in their rebuttal.
They neither sought to call the election results fraudulent nor did they defend the actions of Jan. 6. They focused their argument on claiming the former president's words did not incite violence, that political speech must be protected and that the Senate cannot convict a private citizen under the Constitution.
One of Trump's attorneys, Michael van der Veen, argued that Trump's comments during his speech before the riot were not violent because he had called for peace, and that Trump had a First Amendment right to use what is largely commonplace political rhetoric, calling for his supporters to "fight." Van der Veen repeatedly claimed that Trump's language is nearly indistinguishable from similar rhetoric used by Democrats and the media. He proceeded to show various edited video montages of Democrats using similar rhetoric, where they also called on their supporters to "fight" or saying they would "fight" on the Senate floor.
Further leaning into Washington's already political divisiveness, the defense team also showed Democrats urging for Trump's impeachment before the events of Jan. 6.
"These are the metaphorical, rhetorical uses of the word 'fight,' van Der Even said. "We all know that, right? Suddenly the word 'fight' is off limits? Spare us the hypocrisy and false indignation. It's a term used over and over and over again by politicians on both sides of the aisle."
Regardless of his acquittal, the trial will cement Trump's place as the only president to be impeached twice in American history.
